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Chinese Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database · 2023
Research on Design and Optimization Methods for the Speed Performance of Autonomous Sailboats (面向航速最优的无人帆船设计与优化方法研究)
Yang An.(2023). "Design and Optimization Methods for Autonomous Sailboats Targeting Speed Performance." Ph.D. Dissertation.
摘要 / Abstract
深远海观测对长续航水面平台提出了更高要求。无人帆船凭借风能驱动与良好的水声特性，可对既有海洋观测体系形成有力补充；然而，相对于控制方法研究，设计与优化方面的讨论仍相对不足，从而制约了航速性能、观测效率与区域通过性。依托“新型水翼无人帆船”课题，本论文从性能视角系统梳理无人帆船设计现状，指出航速是主要薄弱环节且受抗倾覆能力制约，并据此提出两条应对思路：一是借助计算流体力学（CFD）与仿真驱动设计，在航速与稳性的尖锐对立中寻求最优权衡；二是通过环境自适应增稳缓和该对立，从而实现间接提速。
主要贡献包括：（1）建立基于水动力仿真与增强遗传算法及邻域信息优化的通用航速评价（VPP）方法，支持在缺乏性能先验条件下开展设计间横向比较；（2）提出融合贝叶斯优化与知识迁移的仿真驱动总体设计方法，缓解大设计空间条件下的采样维数灾难；（3）以被动水翼作为增稳机构，结合仿真评估不同展弦比条件下的增稳、增阻与增速效能。相关结果为高性能无人帆船的研制提供了理论基础与工程储备。
The expansion of marine research into deep and distant seas places increasing demands on long-endurance surface platforms. Autonomous sailboats, driven by wind and characterised by favourable acoustic properties, can usefully complement existing ocean observation systems. Relative to research on control methods, however, studies on design and optimisation remain comparatively limited, thereby constraining sailing speed, observation efficiency, and area trafficability. Under the project “New Hydrofoil Autonomous Sailboat,” this dissertation systematically reviews autonomous sailboat design from a performance perspective, identifies sailing speed as the principal weakness constrained by capsize resistance, and advances two strategies: seeking an optimal balance within the sharp speed–stability trade-off through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and simulation-driven design; and easing that trade-off through environmentally adaptive stabilisation so as to improve speed indirectly.
The principal contributions are as follows: (1) a generalised velocity prediction program (VPP) for speed evaluation, combining hydrodynamic simulation with an enhanced genetic algorithm and neighbourhood-information optimisation, which supports cross-design comparison without prior performance estimates; (2) a simulation-driven configuration design method that integrates Bayesian optimisation with knowledge transfer, mitigating the curse of dimensionality in sampling over large design spaces; and (3) a passive-hydrofoil stabilisation scheme, with simulation-based assessment of stability, drag, and speed effects across aspect ratios. The results provide a theoretical foundation and engineering reserve for the development of high-performance autonomous sailboats.